Startup Local Kubernetes via Minikube
透過Minikube 創建本機 K8s環境
我先於自己Ubuntu電腦中，進行安裝 Minikube & Kubectl，去產生一個 K8s簡易環境。 安裝步驟記錄如下：
要使用Minikube，則主機上需具備Hypervisor環境，例如VirtualBox～
安裝參考頁： https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-minikube/ https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/releases https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/#install-kubectl-binary-using-curl
# 下載 minikube
curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64 \
&& sudo install minikube-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/minikube
minikube version
minikube version: v0.32.0
# 下載 kubectl
curl -Lo kubectl https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/$(curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl \
&& chmod +x kubectl && sudo cp kubectl /usr/local/bin/ && rm kubectl
# 如僅安裝 minikube，執行時會提醒需安裝 kubectl。
[user@minikube ~]$ minikube status
========================================
kubectl could not be found on your path. kubectl is a requirement for using minikube
To install kubectl, please run the following:
curl -Lo kubectl https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.10.0/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl && chmod +x kubectl && sudo cp kubectl /usr/local/bin/ && rm kubectl
To disable this message, run the following:
minikube config set WantKubectlDownloadMsg false
========================================
minikube:
cluster:
kubectl:
[user@minikube ~]$啟動 K8s環境
[user@minikube ~]$ minikube start
Starting local Kubernetes v1.12.4 cluster...
Starting VM...
Downloading Minikube ISO
178.88 MB / 178.88 MB [============================================] 100.00% 0s
Getting VM IP address...
Moving files into cluster...
Setting up certs...
Connecting to cluster...
Setting up kubeconfig...
Stopping extra container runtimes...
Starting cluster components...
Verifying kubelet health ...
Verifying apiserver health ...Kubectl is now configured to use the cluster.
Loading cached images from config file.
Everything looks great. Please enjoy minikube!
啟動前配置
# 啟動前，設定 minikube 佔用多少記憶體
minikube config set memory 4096
# 觀察 minikube 啟動時佔用多少記憶體
minikube config get memory
4096
minikube config view memory
- memory: 4096觀察 K8s狀態
# Status
[user@minikube ~]$ minikube status
minikube: Running
cluster: Running
kubectl: Correctly Configured: pointing to minikube-vm at 192.168.99.100
[user@minikube ~]$
# Cluster Version
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl version
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"13", GitVersion:"v1.13.2", GitCommit:"cff46ab41ff0bb44d8584413b598ad8360ec1def", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2019-01-10T23:35:51Z", GoVersion:"go1.11.4", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"12", GitVersion:"v1.12.4", GitCommit:"f49fa022dbe63faafd0da106ef7e05a29721d3f1", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2018-12-14T06:59:37Z", GoVersion:"go1.10.4", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}在 kubectl version 資訊中看到兩個狀態：Client 指的是 Kubectl 執行檔本身、Server 指的是 K8s API 伺服器。
# Component Status
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl get componentstatuses
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
controller-manager Healthy ok
scheduler Healthy ok
etcd-0 Healthy {"health": "true"}
# K8s node
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
minikube Ready master 3m v1.12.4
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-system coredns-576cbf47c7-9gl6h 1/1 Running 0 4m31s
kube-system coredns-576cbf47c7-rrgf4 1/1 Running 0 4m31s
kube-system etcd-minikube 1/1 Running 0 3m41s
kube-system kube-addon-manager-minikube 1/1 Running 0 3m34s
kube-system kube-apiserver-minikube 1/1 Running 0 3m36s
kube-system kube-controller-manager-minikube 1/1 Running 0 3m34s
kube-system kube-proxy-8mzz2 1/1 Running 0 4m31s
kube-system kube-scheduler-minikube 1/1 Running 0 3m34s
kube-system kubernetes-dashboard-5bff5f8fb8-9dbng 1/1 Running 0 4m29s
kube-system storage-provisioner 1/1 Running 0 4m29s
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl get services --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
default kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 6m18s
kube-system kube-dns ClusterIP 10.96.0.10 <none> 53/UDP,53/TCP 6m14s
kube-system kubernetes-dashboard ClusterIP 10.109.91.186 <none> 80/TCP 6m4s
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl get deployments --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
kube-system coredns 2 2 2 2 6m57s
kube-system kubernetes-dashboard 1 1 1 1 6m47s
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl get daemonsets --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE NODE SELECTOR AGE
kube-system kube-proxy 1 1 1 1 1 <none> 7m23s
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl get replicasets --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
kube-system coredns-576cbf47c7 2 2 2 8m18s
kube-system kubernetes-dashboard-5bff5f8fb8 1 1 1 8m16s部署第一個 service / pod
部署參考頁：https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/minikube/#installation
# 部署
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl run hello-minikube --image=k8s.gcr.io/echoserver:1.10 --port=8080
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
deployment.apps/hello-minikube created
[user@minikube ~]$
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
hello-minikube-7c77b68cff-l7smf 1/1 Running 0 26s
# Expose it as a new Kubernetes Services
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl expose deployment hello-minikube --type=NodePort
service/hello-minikube exposed
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl get services
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
hello-minikube NodePort 10.97.245.120 <none> 8080:31944/TCP 9s
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4h
[user@minikube ~]$部署 Nginx
kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
kubectl get deployments
kubectl port-forward --address 0.0.0.0 deployment.apps/nginx 30333:80
kubectl get deployment/nginx -o yaml > deployment-nginx.yaml部署 Nginx + ConfigMap
# 準備好設定檔案 nginx.conf
kubectl create configmap nginx-config --from-file=nginx.conf
# 準備好 Nginx pod(內有配置configMap)
kubectl apply -f nginx-config-pod.yaml
# 觀察 pod 狀態、查看 pod log
kubectl get pod
kubectl logs nginx-config測試 Service運行狀況
[user@minikube ~]$ curl $(minikube service hello-minikube --url)
Hostname: hello-minikube-7c77b68cff-l7smf
Pod Information:
-no pod information available-
Server values:
server_version=nginx: 1.13.3 - lua: 10008
Request Information:
client_address=172.17.0.1
method=GET
real path=/
query=
request_version=1.1
request_scheme=http
request_uri=http://192.168.99.100:8080/
Request Headers:
accept=*/*
host=192.168.99.100:31944
user-agent=curl/7.47.0
Request Body:
-no body in request-
[user@minikube ~]$刪除 Service / Pod
# Delete Services
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl delete services hello-minikube
service "hello-minikube" deleted
# View Service \ Pod
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl get service
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 4h
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
hello-minikube-7c77b68cff-l7smf 1/1 Running 0 20m
# Delete Pod
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl delete deployment hello-minikube
deployment.extensions "hello-minikube" deleted
# View Pod
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
hello-minikube-7c77b68cff-l7smf 1/1 Terminating 0 20m
#
[user@minikube ~]$ kubectl get pod
No resources found.
停止本機 K8s環境
[user@minikube ~]$ minikube stop
Stopping local Kubernetes cluster...
Machine stopped.
[user@minikube ~]$ minikube status
minikube: Stopped
cluster:
kubectl:此篇，主要先自我練習本機 K8s環境從無到建立，然後再啟動第一個pod / service等所做的步驟記錄，下一篇再予以介紹上述牽涉到的觀念。 感謝看官 :)
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